Scraper and loader



Feb. 1944. E. WOMMER SCRAPER AND LOADER I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 13. 1942 IN VEN TOR.

- Eh. 8, 1944. 55. WOMMER SCEAPER AND LOADER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 13, 1942 Z WIIZIZZQW INVEN TOR.

Feb. 1944. E. WOMMER SCRAPER AND LOADER Filed July 13, 1942 1 4: Sheets-Sheet 3 .Zl a mmew I N VEN TOR.

Feb, 8, 1944. E. WOMMER SCRAPER AND LOADER Filed July 13, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN V EN TOR.

Patented Feb. 8,' 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,341,007 t scaarnn. AND Loannn Edwin Wommer, Bayfleld, Colo. Application July 13, 1942, Serial No. 450,735

4 Claims. (01. 37124) With the above and other objects in view,

which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it

being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed, may be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 shows, in side elevation a device constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan;

Fig. .3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspective'view showing a portion of the frame that carries the parts of the operating mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view illustrating the mounting of one of the pulleys;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section, mostparts appearing in elevation, the view illustrating an interchange of parts desirable when deeper excavation is desired.

The letter T designates 'a tractor, including a housing I in which is ioumaled a rear axle 2, ground wheels 3 being connected to the axle.

A horizontal, transverse shaft 4 is journaled in the housing I and is power driven, by any suitable mechanism, hydraulic or otherwise. Rearwardly extended cranks 5- are secured to the ends of the shaft 4. The upper ends of depending links 6 are pivoted at I to the cranks 5. The lower ends of the links 8 are pivoted as at 8,'to the intermediate portions of radius arms 9, pivoted at I0, for up and down swinging movement, upon hangers II carried by the housing I.

The numeral l2 designates a cross bar, connected by flexible elements I4, such as chains. to the housing I. The cross bar I2 extends underneath the radius arms 9. As shown best in Fig. 4, a 'bracket I5 extends lengthwise oi the cross bar I2 and is disposed above the cross bar,

the bracket being attached to the cross bar by securing elements I6, which have another function, to be pointed out hereinafter. At its ends, the bracket I5 is supplied with lugs l1, spaced vertically above the cross bar I2 and engaged over the upper edges of the radius arms 9, as disclosed in Figs. 2 and 1. The numeral I8 marks a guide beam disposed to the rear of the bar I2. A longitudinal bracket I9 (Fig. 3) is attached by securing elements 20 to the horizontal flange of the cross beam I8 and has terminal lugs 2| which are spaced from the" upper flange of the cross beam. The rear ends of the radius arms 9 receive the lugs 2|. The fastening elements 20 secure the rear ends of braces 22 to the bracket I 9. the forward ends of the braces being secured to the cross bar I2. The cross beam I8 is provided near its ends with upstanding stops 23.

Longitudinal rails 24 are mounted to swing laterally on the combined securing and pivoted elements I6 01 Fig. 4. The rails, also, have lateral sliding movement on the cross beam I8. The numeral 25 designates a rigid tie, the ends of which are pivoted at 26 to the rails 24. Chains or other flexible elements 21 are secured at one end to the cross beam I8, the opposite ends of the flexible elements being engaged detachably with hooks 28 or the like, carried by the rails 24. The device includes a scoop body 29. The side arms of an upstanding bail 30 are secured to the scoop body. The bail 30 may be made of separable parts, for convenience in assembly, the said parts being joined together at their upper ends by-securing elements 3|. Braces 32 connect the rear wall of the scoop body 29 with the bail 30. The bail 30 is mounted to swing on a cross rod 33, received in notches 34 (Fig. 1) in the ends of the rails 24. Vertical pivot elements 35 (Figs. 3 and 2) connect the rod 33 with the members 24. It may here be observed that the pivot elements 35, and 26 and I6 of Fig.4 are provided, in order that the rails 24 may be swung laterally to the dottedline position of Fig. 2.

A U-shaped stop as (Fig. 2) is provided and its side arms are pivotally mounted on the rod 33. The part 36 is called a stop, because it comes into engagement with the upper edges of the rails 24 and limits the amount that the scoop body 29 can penetrate the soil, whilst the body is being filled with earth. The lower ends of upwardly extended connections 31 are mounted in any suitable way on the intermediate portion of the stop 36. The-connections 31 are supplied with a pluralityof longitudinally spaced openings 30,

'scoop body 29 is loaded, and when thescoop body is raised, as the rails 24 are swung upwardly, the

. scoop body occupies the position shown in dotted hne in Fig. 1, relatively to the rails. By pulling on the flexible element 4|, the operator can overbalance the scoop body 29 and its load, to effect a discharge,

Referring, for example, to Fig. 1, the shaft 4, the cranks 5, the cranks 5 and the radius arms 5 constitute means for swinging upwardly, the rails 24 and the scraper body 29. The center of upward swinging movement is at the pivot elements ID in Fig. 1. A means is provided whereby, when the parts are swung upwardly as aforesaid, the rails 24 are caused to swing laterally on the pivot element l5 of Fig. 4, so that the loaded scoop 29 can be dumped to one side of the excavation, and, more specifically, on either side thereof, at the will of an operator.

An angle bracket 42 (Fig. 4) is secured to the cross bar l2, and in the .bracket, the stem 43 of a slotted pulley block 44 is mounted to rock, transversely of the machine. An upper sheave 45 and a lower sheave 45 are mounted to rotate in the block 44.

A rigid, downwardly and rearwardly inclined tongue 41 is provided, the upper end of the tongue being pivotally mounted at 48 on the housing I, the tongue having an up and down swinging movement. The tongue 41 passes slidably through the block 44, as shown in Fig. 4. The cross beam l8 carries a rearwardly presented bracket 49, in which sheaves 50 and 5| are journaled. Brackets 52 and 53 are disposed at the ends of the cross beam l8. A sheave 54 is mounted to rotate on the bracket 52, and a sheave 55 is mounted to rotate on the bracket 53,

A flexible element 55 is provided. The upper end of the flexible element 55 is anchored at 51 (Fig. 4) on the tongue 41, adjacent -to the pivoted upper end 48 of the tongue, The flexible element 55 proceeds downwardly along the tongue 4i, rearwardly around the sheave 45, laterally around the sheave 5i, and inwardly and rearwardly around the sheave 54.

The intermediate portion of the flexible element 55 is formed into a bight58, which is run rearwardly through the tie 25 of Fig. 4, a clamp 59 being applied to the bight immediately to the rear of the tie bar 25. In substance, the intermediate portion of the flexible element 55 is secured to the tie bar 25. From the bight 58, the flexible element 55 extends outwardly, and thence inwardly, about the sheave 55. The flexible element 55 extends forwardly around the sheave 50 and downwardly over the sheave 45, the end of the flexible element being secured at 50 to the lower end of the tongue 41.

It will be noted, referring to Fig. 1, that the radius arms 9 and the frame bars 24 swing upwardly in an arc, the radius of which finds an origin at the pivot element It. The tongue 41,

however, swings in an arc the center of which is the pivot element 48. Owing to the aforesaid difference in centers of movement, when the radius arms 5 and the rails 24 are swung upwardly, the flexible element 55 exerts a pull on the tie bar 25 in the direction of the arrows of Fig. 4, the frame, including the rails 24, being swung to theright, as indicated by the arrow B. The load in the scoop body 28 is carried laterally, and may be dumped, as hereinbefore explained, by pulling upon the flexible element 4| of Fig. 1, one of the stops 23 in Fig. 4 of the drawings limiting the outward movement of the frame 24-24, It the frame rails 24 move from the solid line position of Fig. 2 to the dotted line position thereof, to make a dump at one side of the machine, the chain 21 which is near the top of the sheet in Fig. 2 is cast of! thecorresponding hook 28, the other chain 21 being assembled with its hook, The last specified chain stops the swinging movement of the frame members 24 as they swing inwardly, to the solid line position of Fig. 2. As the frame 24 swings downwardly. the flexible element 55 operates to, swing the frame inwardly to the position of Fig. 2.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the brackets 52 and 53 are provided with hooks 5| or the like, passing through openings in the end portions of the cross beam l8, the brackets thus being detachably assembled with the cross beam. If it is desired to swing the frame in the direction of the arrow C,

- in Fig. 4, the bracket 52 is shifted over to take the place of the bracket 53, and the bracket 53 is shifted in an opposite direction, to take the place of the bracket 52, the portions of the flexible element 55 that are engaged with the sheaves 55 and 54 being carried laterally along with their respective brackets 52 and 53. The machine, thus, embodies a means whereby a dump may be made at either side, at the will of an operator,

it being necessary, merely, to interchange the position of the brackets 52 and 53, a simple operation, which does not call for the use of tools.

When increased depth of excavation is desired, the securing elements l5 are removed, thus setting free the bracket 15. The bracket I5 is placed beneath the cross bar l2 and held in that position by the securing elements l5, as shown in Fig. 6, the lugs I'l projecting downwardly and laterally, instead of upwardly and laterally. If the lugs I! now engage the under edges of the radius arms 9, the radius arms are held in closer parallelism with the rails 24, as in Fig. 6, and the scoop body 29 can take a deeper grab into the soil.

The operation of the device has been dealt with hereinbefore, in connection with its various component mechanisms. The raising and the lowering of the scoop body 29 is effected by a train of parts including the shaft 4, the crank 5, the link 5, the radius arms 9 and the side rails 24. The rails 24 and the scoop body 25 are carried laterally, in opposite directions, one at a time,

at the will of an operator, by the operation of the structure of Fig. 4, as hereinbefore explained. The scoopbody 29 is dumped by pulling on the flexible element 4 l Owing to the presence of the pivot elements shown at l5 and 35, the rails 24, the cross bar i2 and the rod 33 form a parallelogram which reduces in width, as .the rails 24 swing from the solid line position of Fig. 2 to the dotted line position thereof. The parallelogram structure increases the strength and stability of the machine.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a scraper and loader, a frame comprising side rails, forward and rear end members, pivot elements connecting the forward and rear members with the rails, to form a parallelogram of variable width, an excavator carried by the rear member, and means for assembling the frame, by way of the forward member, with a vehicle, for vertical swinging movement, the pivot elements affording lateral swinging movement for the rails, the rear member and the excavator.

2. In a scraper and loader, a vehicle, radius arms pivoted to the vehicle for vertical swinging movement about a defined axis, a cross member connecting the radius arms, a transverse track disposed to the rear of the cross member and carried by the radius arms, a frame pivoted at its forward end to the cross member for lateral swinging movement in engagement with the track, an excavator carried by the rear portion of the frame, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined tongue having its upper end pivoted to the vehicle for vertical swinging movement on an axis spaced from said defined axis, means carried by the cross member for guiding the tongue, idlers supported by the cross member, inner idlers on the intermediate portion of the track, outer idlers at the ends of the track, a flexible element, means for securing the intermediate portion of the flexible element to the frame, to the rear of the track, each side portion of the flexible element being looped about one of the outer idlers and being extended inwardly and forwardly about one of the inner idlers, one side portion being extended upwardly and over one of the idlers of the cross member, and upwardly along the tongue, means for anchoring the end of said one side portion, the other side portion being extended downwardly about the other idler of the cross member, and means for securing the end of said other side portion to the lower part of the tongue.

3. A scraper and loader comprising a vehicle, radius arms pivoted to the vehicle, across bar disposed below the radius arms, intermediate the ends thereof, a bracket superposed on the cross bar and having end'lugs spaced vertically from the cross bar, the lugs overhanging the upper edges of the radius arms, a frame superposed on the bracket, a transverse member extended underneath the frame, the rear ends of the radius arms being pivotally connected to said member, securing elements connecting the frame, the

bracket and the cross bar detachably together,

an excavator carried by the frame, the bracket being removable from above the cross bar and being capable of being held beneath the cross bar by the securing elements, the lugs then engaging the lower edges. of the radius arms, to change the angle between the radius arms and the frame, and to permit the excavator to operate at an increased depth in the soil, the frame remaining above the cross bar when the bracket is arranged below the cross bar.

4. In a scraper and loader, a frame comprising side rails, forward and rear end members, pivot elements connecting the forward and rear members with the rails, to form a parallelogram of variable widths, an excavator carried by the rear portion of the frame, and means for assembling the frame, by way of the forward member, with a vehicle, for vertical swinging movement, the pivot elements affording lateral swinging movement for the rails, the rear member and the excavator.

EDWIN WOMMER. 

